Preheat the Oven: Preheat your oven to 350°F.
Cook the Meat Mixture: In a large skillet over medium heat, sauté the diced onion and crushed garlic in oil until softened. Add the ground beef and cook until no longer pink. Drain excess fat.
Season the Meat: Add ground cardamom, ground cinnamon, ground black pepper, dried oregano, and salt to taste. Mix well.
Prepare the Sauce: Pour in the tomato sauce and chicken broth. Stir to combine and cook until the sauce is hot and bubbly. Remove from heat.
Combine Pasta and Sauce: Stir about 1.5 cups of the meat sauce into the cooked and drained ziti pasta.
Assemble the Dish: Spread half of the pasta mixture in the bottom of a 13x9 baking dish. Top with 1 cup of shredded mozzarella and ½ cup of grated Parmesan cheese. Add the remaining meat sauce, then the rest of the pasta.
First Bake: Cover the baking dish with foil and bake for 20 minutes.
Add More Cheese: Uncover the dish and sprinkle the remaining 1 cup of mozzarella and ½ cup of Parmesan cheese on top. Bake uncovered for an additional 10 minutes or until the cheese is melted and bubbly.